Endocrine Abstracts

Gastric carcinoids secondary to autoimmune atrophic gastritis (GC type 1) are usually well differentiated neoplasia, with an indolent course and an excellent overall prognosis. However, a subset of these tumors (<5%) may develop advanced disease, with lymph node and/or hepatic metastasis. The pathogenesis of these carcinoids is related to chronic trophic stimuli to enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells due to chronic hypergastrinemia. Treatments directed to remove the source o...

Testicular adrenal rest tumours (TARTs) are benign tumours deemed to originate from ectopic adrenal cells that descend with the testes during fetal development. These cells grow under chronic ACTH stimulation, typically in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). TARTs have also been rarely described in other conditions characterised by chronically elevated ACTH, such as autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI). These are benign lesions, but could be misdiagno...